Provide better errors for failures to clear the apt cache
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Issue body
### What needs to get done
See: https://github.com/snapcore/snapcraft/issues/4558
Craft-parts should provide a better error for when the apt-cache cannot be removed.
This can be done by wrapping [this block](https://github.com/canonical/craft-parts/blob/bd6c687f30dc72346816d7cd0b4ceabc8e530d92/craft_parts/packages/apt_cache.py#L166) with a try/except and providing a useful and actionable error message.
### Why it needs to get done
If a craft app is run in destructive mode with sudo then without sudo, the error message doesn't explain the problem or help the user figure out how to clean their cache.
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