"failed to run apt update" when using a specific package-repository with 20.04 base
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Issue body
### Bug Description
Building the provided rockcraft.yaml fails. The problem happens specifically because of the "https" `url`. If I change it to "http", _or_ if I change the base to 22.04, it works.
As part of diagnosis I tried running a `public.ecr.aws/ubuntu/ubuntu:20.04` container; I can `wget` that url just fine.
### To Reproduce
Use the `rockcraft.yaml` provided, then `rockcraft -v`
### Environment
rockcraft from edge (`latest/edge: 0+git.3c49911 2023-08-14 (980)`)
### rockcraft.yaml
```shell
name: my-rock-name
base: ubuntu:20.04
version: '0.1'
summary: Test
description: Test
license: GPL-3.0
platforms:
amd64:
package-repositories:
- type: apt
components: [main]
suites: [focal]
key-id: 9FD3B784BC1C6FC31A8A0A1C1655A0AB68576280
url: https://deb.nodesource.com/node_14.x
parts:
my-part:
plugin: nil
overlay-packages: [hello]
```
### Relevant log output
```shell
2023-08-14 10:06:24.222 :: 2023-08-14 13:06:19.406 [pid=619] chroot to PosixPath('/root/overlay/overlay')
2023-08-14 10:06:24.222 :: 2023-08-14 13:06:19.406 Executing: ['apt-get', 'update']
2023-08-14 10:06:24.222 :: 2023-08-14 13:06:19.529 :: Ign:1 https://deb.nodesource.com/node_14.x jammy InRelease
2023-08-14 10:06:24.222 :: 2023-08-14 13:06:19.610 :: Err:2 https://deb.nodesource.com/node_14.x jammy Release
2023-08-14 10:06:24.222 :: 2023-08-14 13:06:19.610 :: Certificate verification failed: The certificate is NOT trusted. The certificate issuer is unknown. Could not handshake: Error in the certificate verification. [IP: 189.72.175.82 443]
```
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