### Bug Description Charm build started failing after wheel version 0.46 was released on April 9, 2025. Pin the wheel python package to 0.45.1 work around the issue. ``` parts: charm: charm-binary-python-packages: - wheel==0.45.1 ``` ### To Reproduce Run `charmcraft pack --verbose` to build a local charm ### Environment $ lsb_release -a No LSB modules are available. Distributor ID: Ubuntu Description: Ubuntu 22.04.5 LTS Release: 22.04 Codename: jammy $ snap list charmcraft Name Version Rev Tracking Publisher Notes charmcraft 3.4.3 6149 latest/stable canonical✓ classic ### charmcraft.yaml ```yaml type: charm bases: - name: ubuntu channel: "22.04" architectures: [amd64] - name: ubuntu channel: "22.04" architectures: [arm64] parts: charm: charm-requirements: ["requirements.txt"] override-build: | cp /usr/bin/rustc-1.78 /usr/bin/rustc cp /usr/bin/cargo-1.78 /usr/bin/cargo craftctl default build-packages: - libffi-dev - libssl-dev - rustc-1.78 - cargo-1.78 - pkg-config - git ``` ### Relevant log output ```shell Writing to /root/.config/pip/pip.conf Starting charmcraft, version 3.4.3 Logging execution to '/root/.local/state/charmcraft/log/charmcraft-20250409-010459.255[23](https://github.com/canonical/anbox-cloud-charms/actions/runs/14346664352/job/40217678715#step:9:24)8.log' Initialising lifecycle Installing build-packages Pulling charm Building charm :: + cp /usr/bin/rustc-1.78 /usr/bin/rustc :: + cp /usr/bin/cargo-1.78 /usr/bin/cargo :: + craftctl default :: + env -i LANG=C.UTF-8 LC_ALL=C.UTF-8 CRYPTOGRAPHY_OPENSSL_NO_LEGACY=true PATH=/snap/charmcraft/6146/libexec/charmcraft:/snap/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin SNAP=/snap/charmcraft/6146 SNAP_ARCH=arm64 SNAP_NAME=charmcraft SNAP_VERSION=3.4.3 /snap/charmcraft/6146/bin/python3 -u -I /snap/charmcraft/6146/lib/python3.10/site-packages/charmcraft/charm_builder.py --builddir /home/ubuntu/actions-runner/_work/anbox-cloud-charms/anbox-cloud-charms/charms/aar/parts/charm/build --installdir /home/ubuntu/actions-runner/_work/anbox-cloud-charms/anbox-cloud-charms/charms/aar/parts/charm/install --entrypoint /home/ubuntu/actions-runner/_work/anbox-cloud-charms/anbox-cloud-charms/charms/aar/parts/charm/build/src/charm.py -p pip -p setuptools -p wheel -r requirements.txt :: Starting charm builder ... ... :: Creating the dispatch mechanism :: Creating the 'install' hook script pointing to dispatch :: Creating the 'start' hook script pointing to dispatch :: Creating the 'upgrade-charm' hook script pointing to dispatch :: Handling dependencies :: Current dependencies hash: 'd5d03aaae8009eacee2860d9e1413abe1529cb69' :: Dependencies directory not found :: Installing dependencies :: Running external command ['python3', '-m', 'venv', '/home/ubuntu/actions-runner/_work/anbox-cloud-charms/anbox-cloud-charms/charms/aar/parts/charm/build/staging-venv'] :: Running external command ['/home/ubuntu/actions-runner/_work/anbox-cloud-charms/anbox-cloud-charms/charms/aar/parts/charm/build/staging-venv/bin/pip', 'install', '--force-reinstall', 'pip@https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/c0/d0/9641dc7b05877874c6418f8034ddefc809495e65caa14d38c7551cd114bb/pip-[24](https://github.com/canonical/anbox-cloud-charms/actions/runs/14346664352/job/40217678715#step:9:25).1.1.tar.gz'] :: :: Collecting pip@ https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/c0/d0/9641dc7b05877874c6418f8034ddefc809495e65caa14d38c7551cd114bb/pip-24.1.1.tar.gz :: :: Downloading pip-24.1.1.tar.gz (1.9 MB) :: :: ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 1.9/1.9 MB 51.9 MB/s eta 0:00:00 :: :: Installing build dependencies: started :: :: Installing build dependencies: finished with status 'done' :: :: Getting requirements to build wheel: started :: :: Getting requirements to build wheel: finished with status 'done' :: :: Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml): started :: :: Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml): finished with status 'done' :: :: Building wheels for collected packages: pip :: :: Building wheel for pip (pyproject.toml): started :: :: Building wheel for pip (pyproject.toml): finished with status 'done' :: :: Created wheel for pip: filename=pip-24.1.1-py3-none-any.whl size=1824340 sha[25](https://github.com/canonical/anbox-cloud-charms/actions/runs/14346664352/job/40217678715#step:9:26)6=ca7e7b3f03bce3e63b16b3ad3edbc9e40d20002e5673e3619487ac145319f8dd :: :: Stored in directory: /tmp/cache/pip/wheels/4e/ed/e8/fc90e7b054c9d651dc7cc[26](https://github.com/canonical/anbox-cloud-charms/actions/runs/14346664352/job/40217678715#step:9:27)81202fae20b47e54ffee85753ee :: :: Successfully built pip :: :: Installing collected packages: pip :: :: Attempting uninstall: pip :: :: Found existing installation: pip 22.0.2 :: :: Uninstalling pip-22.0.2: :: :: Successfully uninstalled pip-22.0.2 :: :: Successfully installed pip-24.1.1 :: Installing Python pre-dependencies from source. :: Running external command ['/home/ubuntu/actions-runner/_work/anbox-cloud-charms/anbox-cloud-charms/charms/aar/parts/charm/build/staging-venv/bin/pip', 'install', '--no-binary=:all:', 'pip', 'setuptools', 'wheel'] :: :: Requirement already satisfied: pip in ./staging-venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages (24.1.1) :: :: Requirement already satisfied: setuptools in ./staging-venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages (59.6.0) :: :: Collecting wheel :: :: Downloading wheel-0.46.1.tar.gz (54 kB) :: :: ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 54.4/54.4 kB 5.0 MB/s eta 0:00:00 :: :: Installing build dependencies: started :: :: Installing build dependencies: finished with status 'done' :: :: Getting requirements to build wheel: started :: :: Getting requirements to build wheel: finished with status 'done' :: :: Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml): started :: :: Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml): finished with status 'done' :: :: Collecting packaging>=24.0 (from wheel) :: :: Downloading packaging-24.2.tar.gz (163 kB) :: :: ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 163.9/163.9 kB 16.8 MB/s eta 0:00:00 :: :: Installing build dependencies: started :: :: Installing build dependencies: finished with status 'done' :: :: Getting requirements to build wheel: started :: :: Getting requirements to build wheel: finished with status 'done' :: :: Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml): started :: :: Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml): finished with status 'done' :: :: Building wheels for collected packages: wheel, packaging :: :: Building wheel for wheel (pyproject.toml): started :: :: Building wheel for wheel (pyproject.toml): finished with status 'done' :: :: Created wheel for wheel: filename=wheel-0.46.1-py3-none-any.whl size=23058 sha256=f796f65d7[27](https://github.com/canonical/anbox-cloud-charms/actions/runs/14346664352/job/40217678715#step:9:28)50ccde090663e466d0ca37cd72b6[28](https://github.com/canonical/anbox-cloud-charms/actions/runs/14346664352/job/40217678715#step:9:29)70f7520b96d34cdc07d86d8 :: :: Stored in directory: /tmp/cache/pip/wheels/11/a2/ac/42ed2bd04a5f438bd28c078835367a3b300f5d760436873f93 :: :: Building wheel for packaging (pyproject.toml): started :: :: Building wheel for packaging (pyproject.toml): finished with status 'done' :: :: Created wheel for packaging: filename=packaging-24.2-py3-none-any.whl size=65537 sha256=a9fdc4ec57347e611c4ab3c50cee753e51b2f7437ef3989ddf64e44a3076a35f :: :: Stored in directory: /tmp/cache/pip/wheels/74/22/8d/efdaea350786a19392a61f7f80dbdcfcdb03e23b48da42dc53 :: :: Successfully built wheel packaging :: :: Installing collected packages: packaging, wheel :: :: Successfully installed packaging-24.2 wheel-0.46.1 :: :: Notice: :: :: [notice] A new release of pip is available: 24.1.1 -> 25.0.1 Notice: :: :: [notice] To update, run: python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip :: Installing packages from requirements files and charm lib dependencies. :: Running external command ['/home/ubuntu/actions-runner/_work/anbox-cloud-charms/anbox-cloud-charms/charms/aar/parts/charm/build/staging-venv/bin/pip', 'install', '--no-binary=:all:', '--requirement=requirements.txt'] :: :: Collecting ops==2.17.1 (from -r requirements.txt (line 1)) :: :: Downloading ops-2.17.1.tar.gz (477 kB) :: :: ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 477.6/477.6 kB 37.2 MB/s eta 0:00:00 :: :: Installing build dependencies: started :: :: Installing build dependencies: finished with status 'done' :: :: Getting requirements to build wheel: started :: :: Getting requirements to build wheel: finished with status 'done' :: :: Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml): started :: :: Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml): finished with status 'done' :: :: Collecting jinja2==3.1.5 (from -r requirements.txt (line 2)) :: :: Downloading jinja2-3.1.5.tar.gz (244 kB) :: :: ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 244.7/244.7 kB 24.7 MB/s eta 0:00:00 :: :: Installing build dependencies: started :: :: Installing build dependencies: finished with status 'done' :: :: Getting requirements to build wheel: started :: :: Getting requirements to build wheel: finished with status 'done' :: :: Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml): started :: :: Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml): finished with status 'done' :: :: Collecting netifaces==0.11.0 (from -r requirements.txt (line 3)) :: :: Using cached netifaces-0.11.0-cp310-cp310-linux_aarch64.whl :: :: Collecting jsonschema==4.23.0 (from -r requirements.txt (line 4)) :: :: Downloading jsonschema-4.23.0.tar.gz (325 kB) :: :: ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 325.8/325.8 kB [29](https://github.com/canonical/anbox-cloud-charms/actions/runs/14346664352/job/40217678715#step:9:30).4 MB/s eta 0:00:00 :: :: Installing build dependencies: started :: :: Installing build dependencies: finished with status 'done' :: :: Getting requirements to build wheel: started :: :: Getting requirements to build wheel: finished with status 'done' :: :: Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml): started :: :: Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml): finished with status 'done' :: :: Collecting cryptography==44.0.0 (from -r requirements.txt (line 5)) :: :: Downloading cryptography-44.0.0.tar.gz (710 kB) :: :: ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 710.7/710.7 kB 38.0 MB/s eta 0:00:00 :: :: Installing build dependencies: started :: :: Installing build dependencies: finished with status 'error' :: :: error: subprocess-exited-with-error :: :: :: :: × pip subprocess to install build dependencies did not run successfully. :: :: │ exit code: 1 :: :: ╰─> [74 lines of output] :: :: Collecting maturin<2,>=1 :: :: Downloading maturin-1.8.3.tar.gz (199 kB) :: :: ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 199.7/199.7 kB 18.2 MB/s eta 0:00:00 :: :: Installing build dependencies: started :: :: Installing build dependencies: finished with status 'error' :: :: error: subprocess-exited-with-error :: :: :: :: × pip subprocess to install build dependencies did not run successfully. :: :: │ exit code: 1 :: :: ╰─> [51 lines of output] :: :: Collecting setuptools :: :: Using cached setuptools-78.1.0-py3-none-any.whl :: :: Collecting wheel>=0.36.2 :: :: Using cached wheel-0.46.1-py3-none-any.whl :: :: Collecting tomli>=1.1.0 :: :: Using cached tomli-2.2.1-py3-none-any.whl :: :: Collecting setuptools-rust>=1.4.0 :: :: Downloading setuptools_rust-1.11.1.tar.gz (310 kB) :: :: ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 310.8/310.8 kB [30](https://github.com/canonical/anbox-cloud-charms/actions/runs/14346664352/job/40217678715#step:9:31).0 MB/s eta 0:00:00 :: :: Installing build dependencies: started :: :: Installing build dependencies: finished with status 'done' :: :: Getting requirements to build wheel: started :: :: Getting requirements to build wheel: finished with status 'done' :: :: Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml): started :: :: Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml): finished with status 'done' :: :: Collecting packaging>=24.0 (from wheel>=0.36.2) :: :: Using cached packaging-24.2-py3-none-any.whl :: :: Collecting semantic_version<3,>=2.8.2 (from setuptools-rust>=1.4.0) :: :: Downloading semantic_version-2.10.0.tar.gz (52 kB) :: :: ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 52.3/52.3 kB 6.0 MB/s eta 0:00:00 :: :: Preparing metadata (setup.py): started :: :: Preparing metadata (setup.py): finished with status 'done' :: :: Building wheels for collected packages: setuptools-rust, semantic_version :: :: Building wheel for setuptools-rust (pyproject.toml): started :: :: Building wheel for setuptools-rust (pyproject.toml): finished with status 'done' :: :: Created wheel for setuptools-rust: filename=setuptools_rust-1.11.1-py3-none-any.whl size=28120 sha256=fa42787[34](https://github.com/canonical/anbox-cloud-charms/actions/runs/14346664352/job/40217678715#step:9:35)a52ca7549719c24ad2c7b4b2cb4d2e95252353b8d01cfefa770a771 :: :: Stored in directory: /tmp/cache/pip/wheels/8c/21/a6/c670287b0ff341173c68ee3d8[35](https://github.com/canonical/anbox-cloud-charms/actions/runs/14346664352/job/40217678715#step:9:36)ba8b2492e77248b5c58ee80 :: :: Building wheel for semantic_version (setup.py): started :: :: Building wheel for semantic_version (setup.py): finished with status 'error' :: :: error: subprocess-exited-with-error :: :: :: :: × python setup.py bdist_wheel did not run successfully. :: :: │ exit code: 1 :: :: ╰─> [6 lines of output] :: :: usage: setup.py [global_opts] cmd1 [cmd1_opts] [cmd2 [cmd2_opts] ...] :: :: or: setup.py --help [cmd1 cmd2 ...] :: :: or: setup.py --help-commands :: :: or: setup.py cmd --help :: :: :: :: error: invalid command 'bdist_wheel' :: :: [end of output] :: :: :: :: note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip. :: :: ERROR: Failed building wheel for semantic_version :: :: Running setup.py clean for semantic_version :: :: Successfully built setuptools-rust :: :: Failed to build semantic_version :: :: ERROR: ERROR: Failed to build installable wheels for some pyproject.toml based projects (semantic_version) :: :: Notice: :: :: [notice] A new release of pip is available: 24.1.1 -> 25.0.1 Notice: :: :: [notice] To update, run: python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip :: :: [end of output] :: :: :: :: note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip. :: :: error: subprocess-exited-with-error :: :: :: :: × pip subprocess to install build dependencies did not run successfully. :: :: │ exit code: 1 :: :: ╰─> See above for output. :: :: :: :: note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip. :: :: Notice: :: :: [notice] A new release of pip is available: 24.1.1 -> 25.0.1 Notice: :: :: [notice] To update, run: python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip :: :: [end of output] :: :: :: :: note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip. :: :: error: subprocess-exited-with-error :: :: :: :: × pip subprocess to install build dependencies did not run successfully. :: :: │ exit code: 1 :: :: ╰─> See above for output. :: :: :: :: note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip. :: :: Notice: :: :: [notice] A new release of pip is available: 24.1.1 -> 25.0.1 Notice: :: :: [notice] To update, run: python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip :: Traceback (most recent call last): :: File "/snap/charmcraft/6146/lib/python3.10/site-packages/charmcraft/charm_builder.py", line 499, in <module> :: main() :: File "/snap/charmcraft/6146/lib/python3.10/site-packages/charmcraft/charm_builder.py", line 494, in main :: builder.build_charm() :: File "/snap/charmcraft/6146/lib/python3.10/site-packages/charmcraft/charm_builder.py", line 95, in build_charm :: self.handle_dependencies() :: File "/snap/charmcraft/6146/lib/python3.10/site-packages/charmcraft/charm_builder.py", line [36](https://github.com/canonical/anbox-cloud-charms/actions/runs/14346664352/job/40217678715#step:9:37)8, in handle_dependencies :: self._install_dependencies(staging_venv_dir) :: File "/snap/charmcraft/6146/lib/python3.10/site-packages/charmcraft/instrum.py", line 152, in _f :: return func(*args, **kwargs) :: File "/snap/charmcraft/6146/lib/python3.10/site-packages/charmcraft/charm_builder.py", line 298, in _install_dependencies :: _process_run( :: File "/snap/charmcraft/6146/lib/python3.10/site-packages/charmcraft/charm_builder.py", line 428, in _process_run :: raise RuntimeError( :: RuntimeError: Subprocess command ['/home/ubuntu/actions-runner/_work/anbox-cloud-charms/anbox-cloud-charms/charms/aar/parts/charm/build/staging-venv/bin/pip', 'install', '--no-binary=:all:', '--requirement=requirements.txt'] execution failed with retcode 1 Failed to run the build script for part 'charm'. Detailed information: :: + env -i LANG=C.UTF-8 LC_ALL=C.UTF-8 CRYPTOGRAPHY_OPENSSL_NO_LEGACY=true PATH=/snap/charmcraft/6146/libexec/charmcraft:/snap/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin SNAP=/snap/charmcraft/6146 SNAP_ARCH=arm64 SNAP_NAME=charmcraft SNAP_VERSION=3.4.3 /snap/charmcraft/6146/bin/python3 -u -I /snap/charmcraft/6146/lib/python3.10/site-packages/charmcraft/charm_builder.py --builddir /home/ubuntu/actions-runner/_work/anbox-cloud-charms/anbox-cloud-charms/charms/aar/parts/charm/build --installdir /home/ubuntu/actions-runner/_work/anbox-cloud-charms/anbox-cloud-charms/charms/aar/parts/charm/install --entrypoint /home/ubuntu/actions-runner/_work/anbox-cloud-charms/anbox-cloud-charms/charms/aar/parts/charm/build/src/charm.py -p pip -p setuptools -p wheel -r requirements.txt :: Traceback (most recent call last): :: File "/snap/charmcraft/6146/lib/python3.10/site-packages/charmcraft/charm_builder.py", line 499, in <module> :: main() :: File "/snap/charmcraft/6146/lib/python3.10/site-packages/charmcraft/charm_builder.py", line 494, in main :: builder.build_charm() :: File "/snap/charmcraft/6146/lib/python3.10/site-packages/charmcraft/charm_builder.py", line 95, in build_charm :: self.handle_dependencies() :: File "/snap/charmcraft/6146/lib/python3.10/site-packages/charmcraft/charm_builder.py", line 368, in handle_dependencies :: self._install_dependencies(staging_venv_dir) :: File "/snap/charmcraft/6146/lib/python3.10/site-packages/charmcraft/instrum.py", line 152, in _f :: return func(*args, **kwargs) :: File "/snap/charmcraft/6146/lib/python3.10/site-packages/charmcraft/charm_builder.py", line 298, in _install_dependencies :: _process_run( :: File "/snap/charmcraft/6146/lib/python3.10/site-packages/charmcraft/charm_builder.py", line 428, in _process_run :: raise RuntimeError( :: RuntimeError: Subprocess command ['/home/ubuntu/actions-runner/_work/anbox-cloud-charms/anbox-cloud-charms/charms/aar/parts/charm/build/staging-venv/bin/pip', 'install', '--no-binary=:all:', '--requirement=requirements.txt'] execution failed with retcode 1 Recommended resolution: Check the build output and verify the project can work with the 'charm' plugin. Full execution log: '/root/.local/state/charmcraft/log/charmcraft-20250409-010459.2552[38](https://github.com/canonical/anbox-cloud-charms/actions/runs/14346664352/job/40217678715#step:9:39).log' ```